On the other hand, most of these studies have traditionally focused on the effects of individual foods and nutrients on cancer risk. However, epidemiological studies have reported conflicting results regarding the association between food intake and breast cancer risk. Īmong environmental risk factors of breast cancer, diet has been considered as an important modifiable exposure. In Iran, breast cancer ranks first among diagnosed malignancies in women, comprising 24.4% of all cancers with the age-standardized incidence rates of 23.1 per 100,000, and is the fifth most common causes of death due to cancers. Breast cancer is a leading cause of death among female both in developed and developing countries. ConclusionĪ greater adherence to 2 of the 4 DASH indexes (Mellen’s and Günther’s indexes) was associated with decreased risk of breast cancer.īreast cancer, the most prevalent cancer in women, is a major public health problem worldwide. Modification by menopausal status revealed that breast cancer risk was only reduced in postmenopausal women with higher scores on Mellen’s index (OR:0.24 95% CI:0.08–0.68 P-trend:0.04). However, no significant associations were found between Dixon’s and Fung’s DASH score and breast cancer risk. Women in the highest categories of the Mellen’s and Günther’s scores had lower odds of breast cancer than those in the lowest quintiles (Mellen’s OR:0.50 95% CI:0.62–0.97 P-trend:0.02 Günther’s OR:0.48 95% CI:0.25–0.93 P-trend:0.05). Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for score categories or quintiles of DASH diet indexes and breast cancer risk in multivariate adjusted models. DASH index scores were generated based on predefined algorithms for each of the 4 previously described indexes (Dixon’s, Mellen’s, Fung’s and Günther’s DASH diet index). A validated 168 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for assessing usual dietary intakes. This case-control study was carried out on 408 eligible women (136 cases and 272 hospital-based controls). We evaluated the relationship between the scores of 4 established Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet indexes and breast cancer risk among Iranian women. Studying entire dietary patterns is a promising alternative approach to overcome limitations of the single food or nutrient approach.
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